Optical information recording apparatus and method capable of coping with a plurality of card-like recording mediums of different reflectances

ABSTRACT

A magnetooptical information recording-reproducing apparatus is adapted to function for any card-like optical recording media having different properties. A light beam is applied to a predetermined location of the recording medium and a reflected light caused upon the application of the light beam is detected so as to detect the property of the recording medium such as a reflectance. The gains of a signal reproducing system, a tracking control system and a focusing control system are controlled to vary according to the detection result concerning the property of the recording medium so that a reproduction signal, a tracking error signal and a focusing error signal assume predetermined levels, respectively.

This application is a divisional of application Ser. No. 08/044,004,filed Apr. 8, 1993, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,680,382.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

This invention relates to an optical information recording apparatus andmethod for recording and/or reproducing information on an opticalinformation recording medium, and particularly to an optical informationrecording-reproducing apparatus and method for optical cards foreffecting the recording and reproduction of information while an opticalhead and various optical cards are reciprocally moved relative to eachother.

2. Related Background Art

Various mediums such as optical discs, optical cards and optical tapesare known as the forms of a medium for recording and reproducinginformation thereon by the use of light. These have their respectivefeatures and are used properly depending on purposes and uses, and aboveall, optical cards are expected to widen their use more and more in thefuture because of their features such as the ease of manufacture, goodportability and good accessibility.

In each of these optical cards, it is usual that a plurality of trackingtracks are provided in parallel with to the longer sides of the card andthe space between two adjacent tracking tracks is used as an informationtrack for recording information thereon, and the tracking tracks areutilized as a guide for auto-tracking (AT) which controls an informationrecording-reproducing light spot so as not to deviate from apredetermined information track when the light spot scans theinformation track during the recording and reproduction of information.In the actual recording and reproduction of information, utilization isalso made of auto-focusing (AF) which controls the light spot so as tobe properly focused on the surface of the recording medium. Such AT andAF are popular techniques which have heretofore been often used inapparatuses using light to effect the recording and reproduction ofinformation.

FIG. 1 of the accompanying drawings is a schematic plan view of such anoptical card 101. Reference numeral 102 designates an informationrecording area, reference numeral 103 denotes an information track,reference numerals 104 and 104' designate track selection areas, andreference numeral 105 denotes the home position of a light spot.Reference numeral 106 designates an area in which a recording layerexists, and the home position 105 is included in this area.

Referring to FIG. 2 of the accompanying drawings, which is a blockdiagram showing an optical card information recording-reproducingapparatus according to the prior art, reference numeral 19 denotes anoptical card information recording-reproducing apparatus (hereinafterreferred to as the drive), and reference numeral 9 designates a CPU,which is a host control apparatus. The drive 19 is connected to the CPU9 and executes recording and reproduction on the basis of a commandissued from the CPU 9. The construction of the drive 19 is as follows.First, reference numeral 14 denotes a motor for introducing an opticalcard 1 into the drive 19 through a conveying mechanism, not shown,reciprocally moving the optical card 1 in the direction of arrow R at apredetermined location, and further ejecting the optical card outwardlyof the drive 19. A sensor 50, for example, for optically detecting theoptical card 1 is provided near the card insertion port (not shown) ofthe drive 19, and when the insertion of the optical card 1 is detectedby the sensor 50, the optical card 1 is conveyed to a predeterminedlocation in the drive, as previously described. Reference numeral 17denotes a light beam applying optical system including a light source.During information recording and information reproduction, a light beamis applied from the light beam applying optical system 17 onto theoptical card 1 and the light beam is reciprocally moved relative to theoptical card 1 by the reciprocal movement of the optical card 1, and thelight beam scans on the information track.

Reference numerals 28-30 designate photodetectors for receiving thereflected light of the light beam applied to the optical card 1, andrecorded information is reproduced on the basis of the detection signalsof these photodetectors. Reference numeral 15 denotes an AF actuator fordriving a portion of the light beam applying optical system 17 tothereby move the focal position of the light beam spot on the surface ofthe optical card in the direction of arrow Z, i.e., the directionperpendicular to the surface of the optical card, and effectauto-focusing control, and reference numeral 16 designates an ATactuator for driving a portion of the light beam applying optical system17 to thereby move the light beam spot on the surface of the opticalcard in a direction Y, i.e., a direction orthogonal to both of thedirection R and the direction Z, and effect auto-tracking control. Thelight beam applying optical system 17, photodetectors 28-30, AF actuator15 and AT actuator 16 are made integral with one another to constitutean optical head 18. Reference numeral 13 denotes a driving motor formoving this optical head 18 in the direction Y to thereby permit thelight beam spot to have access to a desired track on the optical card 1.

Reference numeral 10 designates an MPU containing a ROM and a RAMtherein. The MPU 10 controls various portions such as a card feedingmotor 14 and a head feeding motor 13 and effects the communication andcontrol of data with the CPU 9 under the control of the CPU 9. Referencenumeral 11 denotes an AT/AF control circuit for driving the AF actuator15 and the AT actuator 16 on the basis of the detection signals of thephotodetectors 28-30 to thereby effect AF control and AT control.Reference numeral 12 designates a modulation-demodulation circuit forreproducing the detection signals of the photodetectors and demodulatingthe reproduced signals and reproducing them into original recordingdata. The thus obtained reproduced data are sent to the MPU 10, and arefurther transferred from the MPU 10 to the CPU 9. Also, duringinformation recording, the recording data are sent from the MPU 10 tothe modulation-demodulation circuit 12, in which the recording data aremodulated by a predetermined modulation system. At this time, in thelight beam applying optical system 17, the intensity of light of thesemiconductor laser (not shown) of the light source is modulated inaccordance with a modulation signal, and information by light modulationis recorded on the information track.

Reference numeral 71 denotes an encoder coupled to the driving motor 14.The encoder 71 outputs a pulse each time the driving motor 14 rotates bya predetermined angle. There is a predetermined relation between theangle of rotation of the driving motor 14 and the amount of movement ofthe optical card 1 in the direction R and therefore, by counting theoutput pulses of the encoder 71, the position of the light spot on theoptical card 1 in the direction R can be detected. Reference numeral 72designates a waveform shaping circuit for shaping the output pulses ofthe encoder 71 into a shape that can be received by the MPU 10. The CPU9 instructs the drive 19 to record and reproduce the information of eachsector, and in the drive 19, recording and reproduction are executed onthe basis of these instructions.

FIG. 3 of the accompanying drawings is an exploded perspective viewshowing the internal construction of the optical head 18 in detail. InFIG. 3, reference numeral 20 denotes a light source for recording andreproduction such as a semiconductor laser. A light beam emitted fromthe light source is collimated by a collimator lens 21, whereafter it isdivided into three light beams by a diffraction grating 23. These lightbeams are focused as light spots S1, S2 and S3 on the tracking track 37,the information track 39 and the tracking track 38, respectively, of theoptical card 1 by an objective lens 26, as shown in FIG. 4 of theaccompanying drawings.

The optical card 1 is reciprocally driven in the direction R indicatedin FIG. 2, and the light spot and the optical card 1 are reciprocallymoved relative to each other, whereby the light spot scans on theinformation track. The reflected lights of the light tracks S1, S2 andS3 again pass through the objective lens 26 and are reflected by apolarizing beam splitter 24, and are projected onto the photodetectors28, 29 and 30, respectively, by a condensing lens system 27.

The condensing lens system 27 is an astigmatism system, andauto-focusing control by the astigmatism system is effected on the basisof the outputs of the photodetectors 28-30. FIG. 5 of the accompanyingdrawings shows the detecting surfaces of these photodetectors 28-30. Themiddle photodetectors 29 is a four-division sensor of which thedetecting surface is divided into four detecting pieces A, B, C and D,and the photodetectors 28 and 30 on both sides thereof are ordinarysensors. Also, in FIG. 3, reference numeral 22 designates a prism forconverting the cross-sectional distribution of the collimated light beamfrom an ellipse into a circle, and reference numeral 25 denotes a mirrorfor directing the light beam from the polarizing beam splitter 24 to theobjective lens 26.

Referring now to FIG. 6 of the accompanying drawings which is a diagramfor illustrating the control loops of auto-tracking control andauto-focusing control, reference numerals 28-30 designate thephotodetectors shown in FIG. 3, and reference numeral 112 denotes aphotoelectric converting part for converting the output currents of thephotodetectors into electrical signals. Reference numeral 11 designatesan AT/AF control circuit comprising a tracking control circuit 110 and afocusing control circuit 111. The photodetectors 28 and 30 detect lightbeams reflected from the tracking tracks 37 and 38 shown in FIG. 4, andthe output currents of the photodetectors 28 and 30 are converted intovoltage signals by current-voltage converters 5 and 6, respectively, inthe photoelectric converting portion 112, and thereafter are sent to thetracking control circuit 110. In the tracking control circuit 110, thedifference between said two output signals is taken, and that trackingerror signal is applied to the AT actuator 16 shown in FIG. 2. That is,the AT actuator 16 is driven by the use of the tracking error signalhaving the tracking control loop from photodetectors 28 and 30 to the ATactuator 16 and indicative of the amount of deviation of the light spotrelative to the track, and the objective lens 26 is moved in thetracking direction to thereby effect tracking control which causes thelight spot to follow the information track.

The photodetector 29 is a four-division sensor as described inconnection with FIG. 5, and the sum signal of the detecting pieces A andD thereof and the sum signal of the detecting pieces B and C thereof areconverted into voltage signals by current-voltage converters 3 and 4,respectively, and thereafter are sent to the focusing control circuit111. Here, the difference between the two signals is taken and isapplied as a so-called focusing error signal to the AF actuator 15 shownin FIG. 2. Accordingly, the focusing control loop from the photodetector29 to the AF actuator 15 is formed, and the AF actuator 15 is driven onthe basis of the focusing error signal, whereby focusing control forfocusing the light spot is effected.

The current-voltage converters 3-6 are designed such that two feedbackresistors R_(R) and R_(W) are changed over by a switch Sw, and thefeedback resistors R_(R) and R_(W) are changed over in conformity with arecording information signal output from the modulation-demodulationcircuit 12. That is, during recording, the feedback resistors arechanged over in conformity with the information signal to therebychangeover-control the gain in conformity with intensity-modulatedrecording light, and level control is effected so that the output ofeach current-voltage converter may become constant. When recordedinformation is to be reproduced, the light spot S2 of the three lightspots shown in FIG. 4 scans the information track, and the reflectedlight thereof is detected by the four-division photodetector 29, wherebythe recorded information is reproduced as the difference in the lightintensity thereof. Although the photodetector 29 is of the four-divisiontype, the sum total signal of the four detecting pieces thereof is usedfor reproduction.

Now, heretofore, the recording medium used in an informationrecording-reproducing apparatus has usually been limited to one kind.Therefore, the control gains of AF and AT and the reproduction gain arefixed values. Also, the driving of the semiconductor laser used as thelight source is binary driving of recording power and reproductionpower, and the injection current of the reproduction power and theinjection current of the recording power are fixed, and these arechangeover-controlled, whereby the semiconductor laser is driven.

On the other hand, there are known various information recording mediumsusable in information recording-reproducing apparatuses, and forexample, as a recording layer, mention may be made of metallic film suchas tellurium or bismuth, organic film such as polystyrene ornitrocellulose, pigment film such as cyanin, or tellurium low oxide filmutilizing phase transition. These recording materials are so-called DRAW(direct read after write) mediums which do not require the developingprocess after the recording of information, but permit "readingimmediately after writing", and are capable of high density recordingand additional recording.

However, these recording mediums are useful in their optical or chemicalcharacteristic, but not all of them are useful when the combinationthereof with an information recording-reproducing apparatus isconsidered. That is, as regards the optical characteristic of thoserecording mediums, they have a wavelength characteristic to light andeven if light of the same wavelength is applied thereto, it may affect aservo control system or the like, which will thus not function normally,because they differ in reflectance. Also, the chemical characteristicwill appear as a difference in reflectance because they differ in thedegree of deformation or discoloration by heat. Thus, it is the presentsituation that the recording medium is restricted as previouslydescribed and apparatuses matching the characteristic of that medium aredeveloped, and it has been the real situation that apparatuses cannotcope with various recording mediums.

Description will now specifically be made of the operation of anapparatus when a recording medium having other optical characteristicdesignated for that apparatus is set. It is to be understood that thereflectance of the recording medium is n times that of the designatedrecording medium. When such a recording medium is inserted into theapparatus, the quantity of light received by each photodetector becomesn times and therefore, as a matter of course, the level of each controlsignal subsequent to the current-voltage converter also becomes n times.However, each control gain of the apparatus is fixed and thus, eachcontrol sensitivity becomes n times. This will hereinafter be describedin detail with reference to FIG. 7 of the accompanying drawings. FIG. 7shows signals for AF AF control which are generally called S-shapedsignals, signal A being the AF S-shaped signal of the recording mediumdesignated for the apparatus, and signal B being the AF S-shaped signalof other recording medium having a reflectance of n times than therecording medium designated for the apparatus. The amplitude of thesignal B is n times as great as the amplitude of the signal A becausethe reflectance is n times. As regards AF control, an AF actuator iscontrolled on the basis of this signal, but since the control gains arefixed as previously mentioned, the amount of movement of an objectivelens of the signal B for the same voltage value is 1/n times the signalA, i.e., n times in terms of control sensitivity, and there occurs aphenomenon that focusing control does not function normally. Such aphenomenon occurs in an AT control system and a reproducing system aswell. When a recording medium of different reflectance is thus set,control sensitivity varies, and this has led to the problem that stableAT control and AF control and reproduction become difficult and in theworst case, AT and AF are not applied at all. Also, the fact that accesscannot be conducted to other recording mediums than the designated onemeans that the versatility as a system is spoiled, and it has beendesired to solve this problem.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention has been made in order to solve such problems andthe object thereof is to eliminate the limitations in the use of acard-like optical recording medium and to provide an optical informationrecording-reproducing apparatus and method which have compatibility withother apparatuses irrespective of the kind of the card-like opticalrecording medium.

The above object is achieved by an optical informationrecording-reproducing apparatus for applying a light beam to an opticalinformation recording medium to thereby record information or reproducethe recorded information, characterized by the provision of detectingmeans for detecting the reflected light of the light applied to apredetermined location on the recording medium and detecting thereflectance of the recording medium, and control means for varying thegains of a signal reproducing system, a tracking control system and afocusing control system in conformity with the result of the detectionby the detecting means, and controlling a reproduction signal level, atracking error signal level and a focusing error signal level topredetermined respective levels.

Also, the above object is achieved by an optical informationrecording-reproducing apparatus for applying a light beam to an opticalinformation recording medium to thereby record information or reproducethe recorded information, characterized by the provision of detectingmeans for detecting the reflected light of the light applied to apredetermined location on the recording medium and detecting thereflectance of the recording medium, and control means for varying thereproduction light power of a light source in conformity with the resultof the detection by the detecting means, and controlling a reproductionsignal level, a tracking error signal level and a focusing error signallevel to predetermined respective levels.

The invention will hereinafter be described in greater detail withrespect to some embodiments thereof.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a top plan view of a conventional optical card.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a conventional optical informationrecording-reproducing apparatus.

FIG. 3 shows the details of an optical head shown in FIG. 2.

FIG. 4 shows tracks on the optical card and light spots applied thereto.

FIG. 5 shows the details of photodetectors shown in FIG. 3.

FIG. 6 illustrates the control loops of tracking control and focusingcontrol in the apparatus shown in FIG. 2.

FIG. 7 shows S-shaped signals for focusing control corresponding to thetwo reflectances of the optical card.

FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the opticalinformation recording-reproducing apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 9 shows the variations in the levels of reproduction signals by thedifference in the reflectance of an optical card.

FIG. 10 shows the variation in a focusing error signal level by thedifference in the reflectance of the optical card.

FIG. 11 is a graph showing the relation between the output of aphotodetector and a correction coefficient.

FIG. 12 is a block diagram showing another embodiment of the presentinvention.

FIG. 13 is a block diagram showing still another embodiment of thepresent invention.

FIG. 14 is a graph showing the relation between the voltage of areproduction signal and the reproduction power of a semiconductor laser.

FIG. 15 is a graph showing the relation between the injection currentand reproduction power of the semiconductor laser.

FIG. 16 is a block diagram showing yet still another embodiment of thepresent invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

Some embodiments of the present invention will hereinafter be describedin detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 8 is a block diagramshowing an embodiment of the optical information recording-reproducingapparatus of the present invention. In FIG. 8, reference numeral 201designates a CPU which is a host control apparatus, and referencenumeral 202 denotes an optical information recording-reproducingapparatus connected to the CPU 201. Reference numeral 203 designates anoptical card which is an information recording medium, reference numeral204 denotes an MPU for controlling various portions in the informationrecording-reproducing apparatus and effecting the transmission andreception of data with the CPU 201, reference numeral 205 designates anAT/AF control circuit for effecting auto-tracking control andauto-focusing control and reference numeral 206 denotes acurrent-voltage converter for converting the detection signal of aphotodetector 29 into a voltage signal. The current voltage converter206 is used as gain correcting means for adjusting the gain thereof onthe basis of the instructions of the MPU 204 to thereby correct the gainso that a reproduction signal level, a tracking error signal level and afocusing error signal level may be predetermined respective levels. Thecorrection by this current-voltage converter 206 is effected inconformity with the kind of the optical card, and will be describedlater in detail. Reference numeral 207 designates amodulation-demodulation circuit for modulating recording datatransmitted from the CPU 201 by a predetermined modulation system anddemodulating a reproduction signal to thereby produce reproduction data,and reference numeral 208 denotes an optical head for applying a lightbeam for recording or reproduction to the optical card 203 and detectingthe reflected light thereof.

The construction of the optical head 208 is the same as that shown inFIG. 3. Reference numeral 209 designates a semiconductor laser providedas a light source in the optical head 208, and reference numerals 28-30denote photodetectors. These photodetectors are the same as those shownin FIG. 5, the photodetector 29 being a four-division photodetector, andthe photodetectors 28 and 30 being ordinary photodetectors provided onboth sides thereof. Reference numeral 210 designates an amplifier foramplifying a tracking error signal and a focusing error signal outputfrom the AT/AF control circuit 205. Usually, the gain of the amplifier210 is fixed at a predetermined gain, but with regard to theaforementioned tracking error signal, the gain of the amplifier 210instead of the gain of the current-voltage converter 206 may be variedand thereby corrected so that the output level thereof may becomeconstant. Reference numeral 211 denotes an AT actuator driven by theoutput of the amplifier 210, and reference numeral 212 designates an AFactuator.

The operation of the present embodiment will now be described. In thepresent embodiment, a reference optical card is designated and thereproduction power of the semiconductor laser 209, the gain of thecurrent-voltage converter 206 and the gain of the AT/AF control circuit205 are initially set in accordance with the optical characteristic ofthe reference optical card. The reproduction power and recording powerare determined by the optical characteristic and chemical characteristicof the designated reference optical card and are initially fixed. Thegain of the amplifier 210 is also initially fixed.

When the optical card 203 is set in the apparatus, the MPU 204 controlsvarious portions and moves the light beam of the optical head 208 to thehome position of the optical card 203. The home position is provided ata location off the recording area as described in connection with FIG.1, but the reflectance is the same as that of the recording area becausethere is a recording layer. The MPU 204 then sets the light output ofthe semiconductor laser 209 to the reproduction power and a light beamis applied to the home position (a predetermined position) and at thistime, AF lead-in for focusing is effected by the work of the AT/AFcontrol circuit 205. This light beam is reflected at the home position,and the reflected light is detected by the photodetectors 28-30. Thedetection signal of the four-division photodetector 29 of thephotodetectors 28-30 is output to the current-voltage converter 206 andis converted into a voltage signal thereby. Of course, the photodetector29 is of the four-division type and therefore, the sum total signalthereof is converted into a voltage signal. FIG. 9 shows reproductionsignals output from the current-voltage converter 206, and areproduction signal A indicates the reproduction signal of the referenceoptical card designated as previously described, and a reproductionsignal B indicates the reproduction signal of the optical card set now.The signal level of the reproduction signal A of the reference opticalcard is V_(a), and the signal level of the reproduction signal B of theoptical card set now is V_(b).

In the MPU 204, the output signal of the current-voltage converter 206is introduced and the level thereof is measured and compared with thereference reproduction signal level. In this case, the relation betweenthe reference reproduction signal level V_(a) and the measuredreproduction signal level V_(b) is expressed by the following equation:

    V.sub.a :V.sub.b =(S.sub.i ×G.sub.i):(S×G.sub.i)=S.sub.i :S(1)

where S_(i) is the output level of the photodetector 29 when thereference optical card is set, S is the output level of thephotodetector to the optical card set now, and G_(i) is the gain of thecurrent-voltage converter 206 initially set as previously described. TheMPU 204 calculates the constant G to be corrected from the followingequation (2) on the basis of equation (1):

    G=(V.sub.a /V.sub.b)×G.sub.i                         (2)

The MPU 204 controls the gain of the current-voltage converter 206 onthe basis of the obtained correction coefficient and makes a gain GV_(a) /V_(b) times the original fixed gain G_(i), thereby correcting thesignal levels of the reproduction signal of the current-voltageconverter 206, the tracking error signal and the focusing error signal.As a result, the signal levels of the reproduction signal, the trackingerror signal and the focusing error signal become the same as the signallevels of the reference optical card and are controlled to apredetermined level irrespective of the optical characteristic andchemical characteristic of the optical card.

FIG. 10 shows the focusing error signals of the AT/AF control circuit205 as an example. The letter C indicates the focusing error signal ofthe reference optical card, and the letter D indicates the focusingerror signal of an optical card differing in reflectance from thereference optical card. The difference in reflectance between theoptical cards appears as a difference in signal level as shown in FIG.10, but by the gain of the focusing control system of thecurrent-voltage converter 206 being corrected as previously described,the focusing error signal assumes the level of the signal C and thedifference in signal level by the difference in reflectance can becorrected. In FIG. 10, only the focusing error signals are shown, butthe tracking error signal is just likewise controlled to a predeterminedlevel. The focusing error signal is a signal obtained by adding thedetection signals of the detecting pieces at the diagonal positions ofthe four-division photodetector 29 shown in FIG. 5, and taking thedifference between the obtained addition signals. That is, it is asignal obtained by the calculation of (A+D)-(B+C)!.

FIG. 11 is a graph showing the relation between the output S of thephotodetector and the correction coefficient G. As is apparent from FIG.11, the higher becomes the reflectance of the optical card, the greaterbecomes the output S of the photodetector, and the correctioncoefficient G becomes correspondingly smaller. G_(i) is the referencegain, and S_(i) is the then output of the photodetector. Like this, thecorrection coefficient G changes in conformity with a variation in theoutput of the photodetector, but by adjusting the gain of thecurrent-voltage converter 206 by a correction coefficient G conformingto the optical characteristic (reflectance) of the optical card, therecording and reproduction of information can be effected whateveroptical characteristic the optical card may have.

The current-voltage converter 206 is comprised of an amplifier and afeedback resistor as shown in FIG. 6, and in the present embodiment,there are provided a greater number of feedback resistors differing inresistance value. These feedback resistors are changed over by a switchand the MPU 204 selects a feedback resistor in accordance with theobtained correction coefficient G. As the feedback resistors, there areprovided a plurality of feedback resistors of a resistance valueconforming to the reflectance of the optical card correspondingly to thekind of the latter. That is, the optical cards used are known in advanceand the reflectances thereof are substantially determined by therecording material and the manufacturing method and therefore, design ismade such that feedback resistors of plural resistance values areprovided correspondingly to the reflectances of the optical cards andare changed over in conformity with the reflectances of the opticalcards by the use of a switch. Accordingly, the MPU 204 selects afeedback resistor corresponding to each converting portion in accordancewith the correction coefficient G obtained by the MPU 204, whereby thegain of the current-voltage converter 206 can be corrected to therebycontrol the reproduction signal level, the tracking error signal leveland the focusing error signal level to predetermined constant levels,respectively.

Also, by the gain of the amplifier 210 being varied as previouslydescribed, the focusing error signal can be controlled to apredetermined level. The current-voltage converter 206 and amplifier 210may be ones having the automatic gain controller (AGC) function, and inthat case, continuous adjustment of the gain is possible and therefore,not only a predetermined optical card but also various optical cards canbe coped with, and even in one kind of optical cards, the fineadjustment of the gain is possible for any irregularity of reflectanceoccurring in the manufacture and therefore, the reproduction signal, thetracking error signal and the focusing error signal can be correctedmore accurately.

Thus, in the present embodiment, the control gains of the reproductioncircuit, the tracking control circuit and the focusing control circuitare corrected in conformity with the reflectance of the optical card,whereby the reproduction signal, the tracking error signal and thefocusing error signal can be controlled to predetermined respectivelevels. Accordingly, the difference in reflectance by the difference inthe optical and chemical characteristics of the optical card can beeffectively compensated for, and the compatibility with the apparatuscan be ensured irrespective of the kind of the optical card.Consequently, the limitation in use as in the prior art that the kind ofthe optical card is limited to one is eliminated, and the problem thatthe versatility as a system is spoiled can be solved. In the presentembodiment, the applied position of the light beam to the optical cardis defined as the home position, but there is no problem in any otherposition than the home position if it is an area in which there is therecording layer and information is not yet recorded. Besides, anyportion of the recording area in which information is not yet recordedwill also do.

The reason why any area in which information has already been recordedwill not do is that whether the variation in reflectance is due torecorded information or to the difference in the kind of the mediumcannot be distinguished.

Also, in the region wherein the tracking tracks exist, it is desirablethat AT control be effected.

FIG. 12 is a block diagram showing another embodiment of the presentinvention. In the embodiment of FIG. 8, the kind of the optical card,i.e., the reflectance thereof, is detected by the use of thesemiconductor laser and photodetectors of the optical head, while thisembodiment is one in which provision is made of detecting meansexclusively for that detection. In the present embodiment, the amplifier210 shown in FIG. 8 is not provided and the levels of the reproductionsignal, the tracking error signal and the focusing error signal arecontrolled to predetermined respective levels by the utilization of thefeedback resistors of the current-voltage converter 206. In FIG. 12,reference numeral 213 designates a photodetector provided near aninsertion port 215 for the optical card. Specifically, thisphotodetector 213 is comprised of a pair of optical elements, i.e., alight emitting diode which is a light emitting element and a photodiodewhich is a light receiving element. The irradiating position of thelight emitting diode is fixed at the home position of the optical card,and when the optical card is inserted into the insertion port 215, lightemitted from the light emitting diode is reflected at the home positionand the reflected light thereof is detected by the photodiode. Thedetection signal of the photodiode is photoelectrically converted by acurrent-voltage conversion circuit 214, whereafter it is sent as avoltage signal to the MPU 204. The reflectance detecting operation isperformed when the optical card 203 is passing, and the optical card 203is conveyed to a predetermined position while its reflectance isdetected.

The MPU 204, just as in the embodiment of FIG. 8, changes over thefeedback resistors of the current-voltage converter 206 on the basis ofthe reflectance information obtained by the photodetector 213 andcontrols the level of the reproduction signal to a predetermined level.Also, the MPU 204 changes over the feedback resistors in thecurrent-voltage converter 206 in conformity with the reflectanceinformation and controls the tracking error signal and the focusingerror signal to predetermined respective levels. Thus, the gain of thecurrent-voltage converter 206 is adjusted in conformity with thereflectance, and the reproduction signal level, the tracking errorsignal level and the focusing error signal level are controlled topredetermined levels irrespective of the kind of the optical card. Againin the present embodiment, just as in the embodiment of FIG. 8, thecompatibility with the apparatus can be ensured irrespective of the kindof the optical card and the versatility as a system can be enhanced.

FIG. 13 is a block diagram showing still another embodiment of thepresent invention. In the embodiments of FIGS. 8 and 12, the gains ofthe current-voltage converter and amplifier are varied to therebycontrol the levels of the reproduction signal, the tracking error signaland the focusing error signal, while this embodiment is one in which thelight output of the semiconductor laser of the light source iscontrolled in conformity with the reflectance of the optical card. InFIG. 13, reference numeral 216 designates a laser driver for driving asemiconductor laser 209 on the basis of the instructions of the MPU 204.When information is to be recorded, this laser driver 216 modulates theintensity of light of the semiconductor laser 209 by a predeterminedmodulation system and this intensity-modulated light beam is scanned onthe information track of the optical card 203, whereby information isrecorded. Also, when the information is to be reproduced, the laserdriver 216 drives the light output of the semiconductor laser 209 bypredetermined reproduction power, and a light beam of this reproductionpower is scanned on the information track, whereby the information isreproduced. The reproduction power of the semiconductor laser 209 isinitially set in accordance with the reference optical card, whereafterit is controlled in conformity with the reflectance of the optical cardas previously described.

The reflectance of the optical card is detected by a photodetector 213provided near an insertion port 215 for the optical card as in theembodiment of FIG. 12. The reflectance information of the photodetector213 is sent to the MPU 204, which thus controls the laser driver 216 onthe basis of the reflectance information. FIG. 14 is a graph showing therelation between the output voltage S of the reproduction signal of thecurrent-voltage converter 206 and the reproduction power P of thesemiconductor laser 209. The reproduction signal level depends on thereproduction power P of the semiconductor laser 209, and the higherbecomes the reproduction power P, the greater becomes the reproductionsignal level. In FIG. 14, P_(i) is reproduction power corresponding tothe initially set reference optical card and S_(i) is a reproductionsignal level corresponding to that reference optical card. In FIG. 14,there is shown the relation between the reproduction power and thereproduction signal level, and there is a similar relation between thereproduction power and the tracking error signal and between thereproduction power and the focusing error signal. So, the MPU 204calculates the injection current to the semiconductor laser 209 so thatthe reproduction power P of the semiconductor laser 209 may be (S_(i)/S)×P_(i) on the basis of the sent reflectance information, and controlsthe laser driver 216 on the basis of the obtained value. S is thereproduction signal level of the set optical card.

FIG. 15 is a graph showing the injection current I and the reproductionpower P of the semiconductor laser 209. When the threshold current ofthe semiconductor laser is I_(t) and an injection current correspondingto the initially set power is I_(i), the injection current I can begiven by

    I=I.sub.i +(P-P.sub.i)/A,                                  (3)

where A is defined by the following equation:

    A=P.sub.i /(I.sub.i -I.sub.t)                              (4)

Thus, the MPU 204 calculates the current to be injected into thesemiconductor laser 209 in conformity with the reflectance of theoptical card, and controls the laser driver 216 on the basis of theobtained value. Thereby, a driving current conforming to the reflectanceof the optical card is supplied to the semiconductor laser 209 and thelevel of the reproduction signal output from the current-voltageconverter 206 is controlled to the reference level S_(i) shown in FIG.14. Likewise, the tracking error signal and focusing error signal of thecurrent-voltage converter 206 are also controlled to predeterminedreference levels. Such adjustment of the light output of thesemiconductor laser 209 is effected while the optical card 203 isconveyed to a predetermined position in the apparatus after thereflectance thereof is detected. Thus, again in the present embodiment,by the reproduction power of the semiconductor laser being varied inconformity with the reflectance of the optical card, the reproductionsignal level, the tracking error signal level and the focusing errorsignal level can be controlled to predetermined respective levelsirrespective of the reflectance of the optical card.

FIG. 16 is a block diagram showing yet still another embodiment of thepresent invention. In the embodiment of FIG. 12, the reflectance of theoptical card is detected by the photodetector provided near theinsertion port for the optical card and the laser driver is controlledon the basis of the detected information, while in the presentembodiment, the reflectance of the optical card is detected by thephotodetector of the optical head and the laser driver is controlled onthe basis of the detected information.

In the following description, members functionally similar to those inthe previous embodiment are given similar reference numerals and neednot be described.

The semiconductor laser power control method in the present embodimentwill hereinafter be described with reference to FIG. 16.

A designated optical card 203 is first inserted into an opticalinformation recording-reproducing apparatus 202. Immediately after theinsertion of the optical card 203, a laser driver 216 injects a currentinto a semiconductor laser 209 so that the semiconductor laser may emitinitially set reproduction power P_(i). The reproduction light of theinitially set power P_(i) is applied to the optical card 203 by anoptical head 208. It is to be understood that the applied position ofthe light at this time is the home position 105 of the other area inwhich information is not recorded than the recording area 102 of theoptical card shown in FIG. 1.

The light is decreased to a quantity of light in conformance with thereflectance of the designated optical card 203 and is received bysensors 28-30. The output currents of the sensors 28-30 are convertedinto voltages by the current-voltage converter 206 and AF control iseffected on the basis thereof. AT control at the home position in whichthere is no tracking track is not effected. In the optical informationrecording-reproducing apparatus, the three-beam system and theastigmatism system are used for AT control and AF control, respectively.The sensors 28-30 are the same in construction as the sensors of FIG. 5shown in the prior art.

The output voltage level from the current-voltage converter 206 isjudged by the MPU 204. In this case, it is judged to be the voltagelevel from the optical card designated for the apparatus, and the"injection current amount change command" from the MPU 204 to the laserdriver 210 is not effected and therefore, the light emission power ofthe semiconductor laser 209 remains to be the initially set power P_(i).It is to be understood that the voltage level from the designatedoptical card is S_(i).

Description will now be made of a case where an optical card 203' havinga reflectance differing from that of the designated optical card hasbeen inserted into the optical information recording-reproducingapparatus 202.

Immediately after the optical card 203' has been inserted into theapparatus, the laser driver 216 injects a current into the semiconductorlaser 209 so that the reproduction power of the laser may become theinitially set power P_(i). AF is drawn in by a process similar to thatwhen the designated optical card 203 has been inserted. The outputvoltage level from the current-voltage converter 206 at this time is S.

In the MPU 204, the voltage level S is compared with the voltage levelS_(i) when the reproduction power is the initially set power P_(i), andthe injection current amount I into the semiconductor laser 209 iscalculated so that the set power P in the semiconductor laser 209 maybecome P=(S_(i) /S)×P_(i). The injection current amount I can be foundfrom the relation between I (injection current) and P (reproductionpower) of the semiconductor laser shown in FIG. 15. That is, when thethreshold current of the semiconductor laser is I_(t) and the injectioncurrent when the reproduction power is the initially set power is I_(i),

    I=I.sub.i +(P-P.sub.i)/A,

where A=P_(i) /(I_(i) -I_(t)). On the basis of this, the MPU 204 effectsthe "injection current change command" to the laser driver 216, whichthus drives the semiconductor laser 209 by the injection current I. Therelation at this time between the output voltage S of thecurrent-voltage converter 206 and the set power P is as shown in FIG.14.

What is claimed is:
 1. An optical information recording-reproducingapparatus for applying a light beam to a card-like optical informationrecording medium while effecting tracking control and focusing controlto thereby effect at least one of recording and reproduction ofinformation on the medium, comprising:means for applying light to apredetermined location on a recording layer in the recording medium, onwhich information is not yet recorded; means for detecting reflectedlight created when the light is applied by said light applying means;tracking control means for effecting the tracking control of the lightbeam; focusing control means for effecting the focusing control of thelight beam; and means for adjusting the gains of said tracking and saidfocusing control means to gains depending on a reflectance of therecording medium, in accordance with a result of the detection by saiddetecting means.
 2. An optical information recording-reproducingapparatus according to claim 1, further comprising means for detecting areproduction signal from the reflected light of the light beam, saidreproduction signal detecting means adjusting a level of saidreproduction signal in accordance with the result of the detection bysaid reflected light detecting means.
 3. An optical informationrecording-reproducing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprisinga light source of the light beam and wherein said light applying meansis common to said light source.
 4. An optical informationrecording-reproducing apparatus according to claim 3, further comprisinga photodetector for detecting the reflected light of said light beam andwherein said reflected light detecting means is common to saidphotodetector.
 5. An optical information recording-reproducing method ofapplying a light beam to a card-like optical information recordingmedium while effecting tracking control and focusing control to therebyeffect at least one of recording and reproduction of information on themedium, comprising the steps of:applying light to a predeterminedlocation on a recording layer in the recording medium, on whichinformation is not yet recorded; detecting reflected light created whenthe light is applied by said light applying step; effecting the trackingcontrol of the light beam by tracking control means; effecting thefocusing control of the light beam by focusing control means; andadjusting the gains of the tracking and the focusing control means togains depending on a reflectance of the recording medium, in accordancewith a result of the detection by said detecting step.
 6. An opticalinformation recording-reproducing method according to claim 5, furthercomprising the steps of detecting a reproduction signal from thereflected light of the light beam, and adjusting the level of thereproduction signal in accordance with the result of the detection bysaid reflected light detecting step.